James Earl Jones

James Earl Jones (born January 17, 1931) is an American actor of stage and screen, well known for his deep basso voice. To modern audiences, he is known for providing the voice of Darth Vader in the Star Wars franchise and the tagline for CNN.

Childhood
James Earl Jones was born in Arkabutla, Mississippi, the son of Ruth ( Connolly), a teacher and maid, and Robert Earl Jones (1910–2006), an actor, boxer, butler, and chauffeur who left the family shortly after James Earl's birth. Jones and his father reconciled many years later in the 1980s and 1990s. Jones was raised by his maternal grandparents, farmers Maggie and John Henry Connolly, and is of African, Irish, Choctaw and Cherokee descent.

He moved to his maternal grandparents' farm in Jackson, Michigan at the age of five, but the adoption was traumatic and he developed a stutter so severe he refused to speak aloud. When he moved to Brethren, Michigan in later years a teacher at the Brethren schools started to help him with his stutter. He remained functionally mute for eight years until he reached high school. He credits his high school teacher, Donald Crouch, who discovered he had a gift for writing poetry, with helping him out of his silence. The teacher believed forced public speaking would help him gain confidence and insisted he recite a poem in class each day. "I was a stutterer. I couldn't talk. So my first year of school was my first mute year, and then those mute years continued until I got to high school."''

Education
After being educated at the Browning School for boys in his high school years and graduating from Brethren High School in Brethren, MI, Jones attended the University of Michigan where he was a pre-med. He joined the Reserve Officer Training Corps, and excelled. He felt comfortable within the structure of the military environment, and enjoyed the camaraderie of his fellow cadets in the Pershing Rifles Drill Team and Scabbard and Blade Honor Society. During the course of his studies, Jones discovered he was not cut out to be a doctor. Instead he refocused himself on drama, with the thought of doing something he enjoyed, before, he assumed, he would have to go off to fight in the Korean War. After four years of college, Jones left without his degree.

Military
With the war intensifying in Korea, Jones supposed he would be shipped off to the war as soon as he received his officer's commission. Instead, he went home. As he waited for his orders to active duty, he found a part-time stage crew job at the Manistee Summer Theater, where he had performed before. By the end of summer 1953, Jones received his second lieutenant's commission, his official orders, and was off to Fort Benning to attend Basic Infantry Officers School. While there, Jones went through Ranger School, graduated, and received his Ranger Tab (although he stated during an interview on the BBC's The One Show screened on 11 November 2009 that he "washed out" of Ranger training). His first duty station was supposed to be at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, but his orders changed, and his unit was instead sent to Colorado where the Army planned to establish a cold weather training command at the old Camp Hale near Leadville, Colorado. His regiment was established as a training unit, to train in the bitter cold weather and the rugged terrain of the Rocky Mountains. Jones eventually earned the rank of First Lieutenant.

Early career
Jones had his acting career beginnings at the Ramsdell Theatre in Manistee, Michigan. In 1953 he was a stage carpenter. During the 1955–1957 seasons he was an actor and stage manager. He performed his first portrayal of Shakespeare’s Othello in this theater in 1955.

His first film role was as a young and trim Lt. Lothar Zogg, the B-52 bombardier in Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb in 1964, which was more famous for the work of Peter Sellers and Slim Pickens. His first big role came with his portrayal of boxer Jack Jefferson in the film version of the Broadway play The Great White Hope, which was based on the life of boxer Jack Johnson. For his role, Jones was nominated Best Actor by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, making him the second African-American male performer (following Sidney Poitier) to receive a nomination.

In 1969, Jones participated in making test films for a proposed children's television series called Sesame Street; these shorts, combined with animated segments, were shown to groups of children to gauge the effectiveness of the then-groundbreaking Sesame Street format. As cited by production notes included in the DVD release Sesame Street: Old School 1969–1974, the short that had the greatest impact with test audiences was one showing bald-headed Jones counting slowly to ten. This and other segments featuring Jones were eventually aired as part of the Sesame Street series itself when it debuted later in 1969 and Jones is often cited as the first celebrity guest on that series, although a segment with Carol Burnett was the first to actually be broadcast.

In the early 1970s, James appeared with Diahann Carroll in a film called Claudine, the story of a woman who raises her six children alone after two failed marriages and one "almost" marriage. Ruppert, played by Jones, is a garbage man who has deep problems of his own. The couple somehow overcomes each other's pride and stubbornness and gets married.

Darth Vader
He has appeared in many roles since, but is well known as the voice of Darth Vader in the original Star Wars trilogy. Darth Vader was portrayed in costume by David Prowse in the original trilogy, with Jones dubbing Vader's dialogue in postproduction due to Prowse's strong West Country accent being unsuitable for the role. At his own request, he was originally uncredited for the release of the first two films (he would later be credited for the two in the 1997 re-release):

When Linda Blair did the girl in The Exorcist, they hired Mercedes McCambridge to do the voice of the devil coming out of her. And there was controversy as to whether Mercedes should get credit. I was one who thought no, she was just special effects. So when it came to Darth Vader, I said, no I'm just special effects. But it became so identified that by the third one, I thought, OK I've been denying it, I've been saying it sounds like the uncola nut guy Holder. Geoffrey Holder! ... But for the third one, I said OK, I'll let them put my name on it.

Although uncredited, Jones' voice is briefly heard as Darth Vader at the conclusion of Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith. When specifically asked whether he had supplied the voice, possibly from a previous recording, Jones told New York Newsday: "You'd have to ask Lucas about that. I don't know." However, on the issue of the voice, the commentary on the DVD release states that, while it will always be uncredited, any true Star Wars fan "should know the answer".

Over the years, Jones reprised his role as the voice of Vader several times: He is credited in the movie Robots with the voice of Darth Vader from a voice module. Playing the king of Zamunda in the comedy Coming to America, he echoed four Darth Vader phrases. He also vocally appeared as Vader in the comedy film The Benchwarmers and the video games Star Wars: Monopoly and Star Wars: The Interactive Video Board Game. Jones' voice is also used for the Jedi Training Academy attraction at Disneyland and at Disney's Hollywood Studios. Jones will also reprise his role as Vader in the upcoming Disney attraction; Star Tours: The Adventures Continue

Other voiceover work
His other voice roles include Mufasa in the 1994 film Disney animated blockbuster The Lion King, and its sequel, The Lion King II: Simba's Pride. Archived audio from the former was later used for the Square Enix and Disney crossover game Kingdom Hearts II, as Jones himself was unavailable to reprise the role. He also voiced the Emperor of the Night in Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night. He also has done the CNN tagline, "This is CNN," as well as "This Is CNN International", and the Bell Atlantic tagline, "Bell Atlantic: The heart of communication" ; the opening for NBC's coverage of the 2000 and 2004 Summer Olympics; "the Big PI in the Sky" (God) in the computer game Under a Killing Moon; a Claymation film about The Creation; and several guest spots on The Simpsons.

Film roles
Jones played the villain Thulsa Doom in Conan the Barbarian, the character Terence Mann in the baseball film Field of Dreams, the feared neighbor Mr. Mertle in The Sandlot, King Jaffe Joffer in Coming to America, Reverend Stephen Kumalo in Cry, the Beloved Country, Raymond Lee Murdock in A Family Thing, and Vice Admiral James Greer in The Hunt for Red October, Patriot Games, and Clear and Present Danger.

Stage roles
Jones is an accomplished stage actor as well; he has won Tony awards in 1969 for The Great White Hope and in 1987 for Fences. Othello, King Lear, Oberon in A Midsummer Night's Dream, Abhorson in Measure for Measure, and Claudius in Hamlet are Shakespearean roles he has played. He received Kennedy Center Honors in 2002.

On April 7, 2005, James Earl Jones and Leslie Uggams headed the cast in an African-American Broadway revival version of On Golden Pond, directed by Leonard Foglia and produced by Jeffrey Finn.

In February 2008, he starred on Broadway as Big Daddy in a limited-run, all-African-American production of Tennessee Williams's Pulitzer Prize-winning drama Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, directed by Debbie Allen and mounted at the Broadhurst Theatre.

In November 2009, James reprised the role of Big Daddy in Cat On A Hot Tin Roof at the Novello Theatre in London's West End. This production also stars Sanaa Lathan as Maggie, Phylicia Rashad as Big Mamma, and Adrian Lester as Brick.

In October 2010, Jones will return to the Broadway stage in Alfred Uhury's Driving Miss Daisy along with Vanessa Redgrave at the Golden Theatre.

Other work
His other works include his portrayal of the older version of author Alex Haley, in the television mini-series Roots: The Next Generations;, the GDI's commanding general James Solomon in Command & Conquer: Tiberian Sun, a starring role in the television program Under One Roof as widowed police officer Neb Langston for which he received an Emmy nomination, and television and radio advertising for Verizon Business DSL and Verizon Online DSL from Verizon Communications.

Jones appeared in the 1963–1964 television season in an episode of ABC's drama series about college life, Channing starring Jason Evers and Henry Jones. He appeared on the soap opera Guiding Light. He portrayed Thad Green on Mathnet, a parody of Dragnet.

He has played lead characters on television in three series. First, he appeared on the short-lived CBS police drama Paris, which aired during Fall 1979. That show was notable as the first program on which Steven Bochco served as executive producer. The second show aired on ABC between 1990 and 1992, the first season being titled Gabriel's Fire and the second (after a format revision) Pros and Cons. In both formats of that show, Jones played a former policeman wrongly convicted for murder who, upon his release from prison, became a private eye. In 1995, Jones starred in Under One Roof, as Neb Langston, a widowed African-American police officer sharing his home in Seattle with his daughter, his married son and children and Neb's newly adopted son. The show was a mid-season replacement and lasted only six weeks.

In 1986, Jones played a Harvard law professor in the movie Soul Man, with C. Thomas Howell and Rae Dawn Chong. From 1989 to 1993, Jones served as the host of the children's TV series Long Ago and Far Away.

In 1990, Jones performed voice work for the Simpsons Halloween episode "Treehouse of Horror", in which he was the narrator for the Simpsons' version of Edgar Allan Poe's poem "The Raven". In 1992, Jones was often seen as the host on the video tele-monitor for the Sea World resort in Orlando, Florida. In 1996, James guest starred in the CBS drama Touched by an Angel as the Angels of Angels in the episode "Clipped Wings". In 1998, Jones starred in the widely acclaimed syndicated program An American Moment (created by James R. Kirk and Ninth Wave Productions). Jones took over the role left by Charles Kuralt, upon Kuralt's death. He also made a cameo appearance in a penultimate episodes of Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman and has guest-starred on such sitcoms as NBC's Frasier and Will & Grace, and the WB drama Everwood. Jones also lent his voice for a narrative part in the Adam Sandler comedy, Click, released in June 2006. His voice is also used to create an audio version of the King James New Testament.

Personal life
Jones has been married to actress Cecilia Hart since 1982. They have one child, Flynn Earl Jones. He was previously married to American actress/singer Julienne Marie (born March 21, 1933, Toledo, Ohio); they had no children.

Awards
Academy Awards
 * 1971 Best Actor in a Leading Role – The Great White Hope (Nominated)

Emmy Awards
 * 1964 Outstanding Lead Actor – Miniseries or a Movie/East Side/West Side (Nominated)
 * 1990 Outstanding Supporting Actor – Miniseries or a Movie/By Dawn's Early Light (Nominated)
 * 1991 Outstanding Lead Actor – Drama Series/Gabriel's Fire
 * 1991 Outstanding Supporting Actor – Miniseries or a Movie/Heat Wave
 * 1994 Outstanding Guest Actor – Drama Series/Picket Fences (Nominated)
 * 1995 Outstanding Supporting Actor – Drama Series/Under One Roof (Nominated)
 * 1997 Outstanding Guest Actor – Comedy Series/Frasier (Nominated)
 * 1999 Outstanding Performer – Children's Special
 * 2004 Outstanding Guest Actor – Drama Series/Everwood (Nominated)

Golden Globe Awards
 * 1971 New Star of the Year – Actor/The Great White Hope
 * 1971 Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama/The Great White Hope (Nominated)
 * 1975 Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy/Claudine (Nominated)
 * 1991 Best Actor in a Drama Series/Gabriel's Fire (Nominated)
 * 1992 Best Actor in a Drama Series/Pros and Cons (Nominated)

Independent Spirit Awards
 * 1987 Best Supporting Male/Matewan (Nominated)

Screen Actors Guild Awards
 * 1996 Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role/Cry, the Beloved Country (Nominated)
 * 2009 Life Achievement Award

Tony Awards
 * 1969 Best Leading Actor in a Play/The Great White Hope
 * 1987 Best Leading Actor in a Play/Fences
 * 2005 Best Leading Actor in a Play/On Golden Pond (Nominated)

Other Awards
 * 1991 Common Wealth Award for Outstanding Achievement in the Dramatic Arts
 * 1992 National Medal of Arts

Filmography

 * Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb (1964)
 * The Comedians in Africa (1967)
 * The Comedians (1967)
 * End of the Road (1970)
 * King: A Filmed Record... Montgomery to Memphis (1970)
 * The Great White Hope (1970)
 * Malcolm X (1972)
 * The Man (1972)
 * Claudine (1974)
 * The Cay (1974 one-hour TV drama)
 * The UFO Incident (1975 TV-movie)
 * The River Niger (1976)
 * The Bingo Long Traveling All-Stars & Motor Kings (1976)
 * Swashbuckler (1976)
 * Deadly Hero (1976)
 * The Greatest (1977)
 * Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope (1977) (voice)
 * Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977)
 * The Last Remake of Beau Geste (1977)
 * A Piece of the Action (1977)
 * Jesus of Nazareth (1977)
 * Black Theater: The Making of a Movement (1978)
 * Star Wars Christmas Special (1978 TV special) (voice)
 * Roots: The Next Generations (1979 TV miniseries)
 * Star Wars Episode V: The Empire Strikes Back (1980) (voice)
 * Guyana Tragedy: The Story of Jim Jones (1980 TV miniseries)
 * The Creation (1981)
 * The Bushido Blade (1981)
 * The Flight of Dragons (1982) (voice)
 * Conan the Barbarian (1982)
 * Blood Tide (1982)
 * Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi (1983) (voice)
 * Allen Boesak: Choosing for Justice (1984)
 * City Limits (1985)
 * Soul Man (1986)
 * Gardens of Stone (1987)
 * Allan Quatermain and the Lost City of Gold (1987)
 * My Little Girl (1987)
 * Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night (1987) (voice)


 * Matewan (1987)
 * Terrorgram (1988) (voice)
 * Coming to America (1988)
 * Three Fugitives (1989)
 * Field of Dreams (1989)
 * Best of the Best (1989)
 * By Dawn's Early Light (1990)
 * Convicts (1990)
 * The Hunt for Red October (1990)
 * A World Alive (1990)
 * The Ambulance (1990)
 * Grim Prairie Tales (1990)
 * Heatwave (1990)
 * True Identity (1991)
 * Scorchers (1991)
 * The Second Coming (1992)
 * Ramayana: The Legend of Prince Rama (1992)
 * Patriot Games (1992)
 * Freddie the Frog (1992)
 * Sneakers (1992)
 * Dreamrider (1993)
 * Sommersby (1993)
 * The Sandlot (1993)
 * Excessive Force (1993)
 * The Meteor Man (1993)
 * Naked Gun 33⅓: The Final Insult (1994)
 * Africa: The Serengeti (1994)
 * Clean Slate (1994)
 * The Vernon Johns Story (1994)
 * The Lion King (1994) (voice)
 * Clear and Present Danger (1994)
 * Countdown to Freedom: 10 Days That Changed South Africa (1994)
 * Jefferson in Paris (1995)
 * Judge Dredd (1995)
 * Cry, The Beloved Country (1995)
 * A Family Thing (1996)
 * Looking for Richard (1996)
 * Good Luck (1996)
 * Gang Related (1997)


 * What the Deaf Man Heard (1997)
 * New York... Come Visit the World (1998)
 * Primary Colors (1998) (voice)
 * Merlin (1998) (voice)
 * The Lion King II: Simba's Pride (1998 direct-to-DVD) (voice)
 * Summer's End (1999)
 * Our Friend, Martin (1999) (voice)
 * On the Q.T. (1999)
 * Undercover Angel (1999)
 * The Annihilation of Fish (1999)
 * Fantasia 2000 (1999)
 * Ennis' Gift (2000)
 * Antietam: A Documentary Drama (2000)
 * The Papp Project (2001)
 * Black Indians: An American Story (2001)
 * Finder's Fee (2001)
 * Recess Christmas: Miracle on Third Street (2001)
 * Muhammad Ali: Through the Eyes of the World (2001)
 * Disney's American Legends (2002)
 * The Great Year (2004)
 * Unforgivable Blackness: The Rise and Fall of Jack Johnson (2004)
 * Robots (2005) (voice)
 * Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith (2005) (voice)
 * The Reading Room (2005)
 * The Sandlot 2 (2005)
 * Malcolm X: Prince of Islam documentary (2006) (narration only)
 * Kingdom Hearts II (2006) (archived audio, voice)
 * The Benchwarmers (2006) (voice)
 * Scary Movie 4 (2006)
 * Click (2006) (voice) (As Himself)
 * The Trail of Tears: Cherokee Legacy (2006)
 * Welcome Home Roscoe Jenkins (2008)
 * "Two and a Half Men" (2008) (As Himself)
 * Disneyland Hollywood Studios (2008) (voice)
 * Quantum Quest: A Cassini Space Odyssey (2009) (voice)
 * Earth (2009) (voice)
 * House (2009) Dibala
 * Jack and the Beanstalk (2010) (voice)