Traditional colors of Japan

The traditional colors of Japan are a collection of colors traditionally used in Japanese Literature, textiles such as kimono, and other Japanese arts and crafts.

History
The traditional colors of Japan trace their historical origins to the Twelve Level Cap and Rank System which was established in 603 by Prince Shōtoku and based on the system of Five elements. In this system, rank and social hierarchy were displayed and determined by certain colors. Colors known as kinjiki, were strictly reserved for the robes of the highest ranking government officials, for example the color Ōtan was used as the color for the robes of Kuge and use by any other lower rank was prohibited. Colors known as yurushiiro were permitted for use by the common people.

Most names of colors originate from the names of plants, flowers, and animals which they resemble. Certain colors and dyeing techniques have been used since the Asuka period, while others have developed in times as late as the Meiji period when synthetic dyes became common.

Note that due to the long history of use of this color system, some variations in color and names do exist. Most of the names of these colors have their origins in China, where the color system is even more elaborate and sophisticated.