Violence Jack

Violence Jack (バイオレンスジャック) is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Go Nagai in 1973. It has had several serializations and one-shot stories which have run in the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000s. Most of the stories have been compiled in around 45 tankōbon while a few of them have been published as special tankōbon or have yet to be published in that format.

A few of the sagas from the manga were adapted in three independent OVAs released in 1986, 1988 and 1990. These OVAs have been released in the United States, Italy, France, United Kingdom, and New Zealand. In some of these countries, the contents of the OVAs have caused censorship issues, while in Australia the second OVA was banned altogether.

Plot
The series takes place in a world destroyed by a devastating earthquake in which the remnants of humanity are divided between the strong and the weak. Violence Jack is uncovered amongst the rubble and demolished granite by the inhabitants of this city where he is let loose upon them until he finally confronts the most ruthless of all the warlords, the Slum King.

Manga
The first serialization ran from July 22, 1973 to September 29, 1974 in Weekly Shōnen Magazine, published by Kodansha. The second ran in Monthly Shōnen Magazine, also published by Kodansha, from January 1977 to December 1978, with a few gaps between months. This two serializations of Kodansha were originally published in 7 volumes.

Five years later, the serialization continued this time in the magazine Weekly Manga Goraku, published by Nihonbungeisha, and ran from August 5, 1983 to March 23, 1990. This serialization originally produced 31 volumes in total.

In November 1, 1993, three years later after the end of the previous serialization, a special tankōbon called Violence Jack: Mao Korin Hen (バイオレンスジャック　魔王降臨編) was released by Nihonbungeisha. Seven years later, in December 10, 2001 a special one-shot story, Violence Jack: Sengoku Majinden (バイオレンスジャック　戦国魔人伝), was published by Shueisha in a special edition of Weekly Young Jump, Bessatsu Young Jump #14. This story has not been re-printed or compiled yet.

In May 2005 (cover date 2005-05-13·20) the magazine Weekly Comic Bunch published by Coamix, the most recent serialization started, with Shin Violence Jack (新バイオレンスジャック). This serialization was irregularly published, stopping in August 19, 2005 and re-starting in November 2, 2007 to end in April 11, 2008 in number 17 of Weekly Comic Bunch. This series was compiled and published by Media Factory in two volumes in 2010.

Relationship to Devilman
When it was originally published there were several hints that pointed out the relationship between Devilman and Violence Jack. The most important being the physical appearance of Slum King human pets: Ryo Asuka and Miki Makimura. However, how they came to be like that was unknown, specially since Miki was already dead by the end of Devilman. At the end of the Weekly Manga Goraku serialization, after Slum King was beheaded, he mysteriously re-appears, just as Ryo does (both he and Miki were previously killed by Slum King), this time speaking and recovering his lost limbs. The final chapter reveals that the apocalyptic world in Violence Jack is in a world re-created by God. Satan (Ryo Asuka) is punished by being constantly humiliated by Slum King (Zenon). Jack is actually Akira Fudo, and is one of three parts that form Devilman, the others being a child Jack and woman Jack, both of which were normally seen as birds around Jack from time to time. They merge together in order to stop the recently awakened Satan. This time Devilman manages to stop Satan.

Character appearances from other Nagai's manga
Besides the relationship with Devilman, a great number of characters in Violence Jack come from several manga created by Go Nagai. Most of them have a dedicated story arc. These are a few of them:


 * Cutie Honey: Here Honey is the sister of Ryo Asuka and is looking for him. She makes several efforts to rescue him and gets the help of several women, each of which is one of the several forms of Cutie Honey. All of them die at the end.
 * Gakuen Taikutsu Otoko: The role of the main characters of this manga in Violence Jack is very large. They appear in several story arcs. The character Tsubasa Nishikiori, who appears in Shin Mazinger Shogeki! Z Hen as she looks in Violence Jack, originally appeared in this manga, though her appearance was younger.
 * Dororon Enma-kun: The main characters appears as adults with no relationship to the Makai. Kapperu is not a Kappa here.
 * God Mazinger: Aila Mu (also known as Aira Mu), who is the protagonist of Evil Town, is originally from this manga.
 * Harenchi Gakuen: The characters of this series appear with a serious tone. The only surviving teacher is Hige Godzilla, who still retains some of his lust, but is kicked out by the surviving students before turning into a monster.
 * Mazinger Z: Mazinger here has the physical form of a blind black man (slightly similar to Jim Kelly as he appears in the film Enter the Dragon) and is called Jim Mazinger. In order to fight at his best, he gets the help of a small kid named Koji Kabuto, who always rides on his shoulders whenever Jim needs to fight against enemies.
 * Tetsu Senshi Musashi: Musashi plays an important role towards the end of the manga. It is revealed that Slum Queen was in fact his girlfriend for whom Slum King lusted. Musashi faces Slum King but apparently loses, only to reappear some time later in order to try to defeat Slum King and get back his beloved. His death is one of the reasons for which Slum Queen betrays and tries to kill Slum King.
 * Zuba Ban: All characters from the original manga appear. Zuba has a special relevance to the series as he is the son of Slum King and later revealed to be the main face of Zenon (the reason why Slum King had no face).

OVAs
A few of the story arcs of the manga were adapted into OVA format. The first OVA, called Violence Jack: Harem Bomber (バイオレンスジャック　ハーレムボンバー) was released in June 1986 (some sources place the release date in June 21, 1986,  although others place the release date in June 5, 1986).

The second OVA, called Violence Jack: Evil Town (バイオレンスジャック　地獄街) }}, was released in December 21, 1988. . This is the most controversial OVA since part of its themes are rape, necrophilia and cannibalism.

The last OVA, Violence Jack: Hell's Wind (バイオレンスジャック　ヘルスウインド編), was released in November 9, 1990.

Non-Japanese releases
The English releases of the OVAs were out of their original order:

Most non-Japanese versions also use the same order of the English version.

Violence Jack was originally released in an edited form in the US by Manga Entertainment. As fans wanted to see it uncut, the Right Stuf arranged with Manga Entertainment the release of an unedited version in November 1996. The label Critical Mass was created since it was considered to be too intense for the Right Stuf line. The censored version by Manga Entertainment only had dubbed audio, while the uncensored version by Critical Mass was available in both dubbed and subtitled formats. The censored version was also released in the United Kingdom by Manga Entertainment. In New Zealand, also released by Manga Entertainment, it was promoted as the banned version from Australia.

The OVAs were released in their uncut version by Manga Entertainment in France in 1999 and by Fox Pathé Europa in 2003, and in Italy by Shin Vision.

Censorship
The first release by Manga Entertainment was cut in most countries where it was released (USA, United Kingdom, New Zealand). In the UK release, the cuts amount to 30 in Evil Town of an already cut version for a total of 4:25 mins, 6:43 mins in Hell's Wind', and 25 in Slumking (Harem Bomber) and are related to sex, violence, bondage and cannibalism. The US version also has similar cuts.

The OVA with most censorship problems was Violence Jack: Evil Town. When Manga Entertainment submitted this OVA to the Australian Office of Film and Literature Classification in 1997, the OVA was refused a rating. It is suspected that this version was the already censored version from the UK (the print reviewed ran 55 mins, whereas the original print runs 60 mins.) Since this OVA was banned, the release of the rest was scrapped.

The OVAs were released uncut in Italy and France. In the United States it was also released uncut by Right Stuf under the Critical Mass label.

Harem Bomber
A great comet hurls from space and collides with Earth, causing a cataclysmic earthquake that rocks the Kanto Plain of Japan, killing several and reducing the cites to rubble. In this time of weakness, a ruthless man known as the Slum King took control of the Kanto Plain with his brute force and rules it with an iron fist. However, in the middle of a trek across the land with his great forces at his side, he encounters a mighty beast-like man wearing a battered green jacket and a yellow ascot who slaughters his men and then targets the Slum King himself. They clash, but their fight is interrupted by a sudden massive tsunami that separates the two.

The Slum King survives the wave and returns to his immense fortress where he tells his men that no one can dare oppose him and be permitted to live. With that said, he promptly orders his men to kill one Violence Jack, the man whom he confronted before.

The episode revolves around a girl, Mari, being captured by the army and sent to a sex camp. Her boyfriend, Ken'ichi, rescues her with the help of Violence Jack.

At the end, Jack is challenged by Harem Bomber. With great difficulty, Jack manages to defeat Harem Bomber, but at the price of the life of Ken'ichi, who is killed when he is hurled out a helicopter which Jack used to subdue the Harem Bomber.

Mari awakens to witness a bright, shining bird soar into the air. Without hesitation, she pursues it as it glimmers high above.

Evil Town
Due to a massive earthquake, an underground portion of Tokyo has been separated from the outside world. Because of the limited supply of food and the constant threat of intergroup warfare, the underground city's survivors have dubbed the area Hell City. When the story begins, Evil Town has been in existence for several months.

Evil Town is split into three "sections." Section A consists of businessmen and ordinary citizens, and is the most regulated section due to the presence of police officers. Section B, which consists of criminals and lunatics, is controlled by the huge gang leader Mad Saurus and his second in command, the transsexual Blue. Section C, a former modeling agency, avoids contact with the other groups except when necessary.

Section A is attempting to dig their way back to the surface when they uncover Violence Jack, who has apparently been sealed in a rock wall since the earthquake. Section A's leaders invite Jack to stay as their protector, but the other sections have also learned of Jack's existence and call a meeting to see him for themselves.

At the meeting, the Section C leader Aila Mu offers to hire Jack as their guardian and tells him a disturbing story: After the earthquake occurred, the men of both A and B ran wild, capturing and raping the women until they learned that there was enough food for long-term survival. Many of the worst offenders are current Section A leaders, who would revert to behaving like animals if another disaster occurred. Convinced by Aila Mu's story, Jack agrees to aid Section C.

Riled by the lingering presence of Jack, Section B launches a surprise attack on Section A; as Aila predicted, A's leaders turn on one another in an attempt to survive, resulting in the near total destruction of the group. The survivors flee to Section C just as the women finish their own tunnel out of Hell City. Section B raiders arrive and finish off Section A, then begin assaulting the women. Jack defeats the raiders, killing Blue and severely wounding Mad Saurus.

Mad Saurus mourns the loss of Blue, who accepted her despite Blue's differences. In order to combine their power, Mad Saulus consumes her corpse, transforming into a devilish red creature to battle Jack a second time. Jack is heavily wounded in the fight, but manages to kill Mad Saurus by stabbing him through the forehead, returning him to his human form.

The battle between Mad Saurus and Jack gives Section C enough time to make their way to the surface, which is now a flattened ruin instead of a city. Aila Mu laments that her skills as a model are useless in the ruined world, but the rest of Section C assures her that she is a capable and beloved leader.

Hell's Wind
This time, there is a peaceful post-apocalyptic town known as Hope Town. The biker gang Hell's Wind show up and ransack it. Violence Jack makes his entrance here. The episode starts as a young woman, Jun, and her boyfriend, Tetsuya, are attacked. Tetsuya is murdered by Hell's Wind, and they assault and rape the terrified Jun soon after.

Jack fends off the gang by taking several gunshots which seem to have no effect on him.

Hell's Wind captures a young teacher and takes her to their base which is an abandoned airfield. They take her top off and strap her to a fighter jet. At the behest of a little orphaned boy, Jack goes to rescue her. They try shooting him with a rocket launcher, but Jack tunnels under the ground and bursts out whilst being set on fire to kill everyone. The bike leader tries to escape, but Jack throws his knife at him and cuts his legs off.

Jack departs, strangely heartened by speaking with the orphaned boy, who vowed to become stronger than anyone to protect the people around him.

Novels
Two novels were written by Yasutaka Nagai with illustrations by Go Nagai and published by Kadokawa Shoten. The first one, Tokyo Metsubo Hen (東京滅亡編) was released in August 1986 while the second one, Kanto Slum-gai Hen (関東スラム街編), was released in April 1987.

In July 1995, another novel titled Violence Jack: Ogon Toshi Hen (バイオレンスジャック　黄金都市編), written by Tatsuhiko Dan with illustration by Go Nagai, was released by Kodansha.

Other media
The third OVA of CB Chara Nagai Go World is dedicated to the saga of Violence Jack, where it is confirmed that Jack is Akira Fudo after his battle with Satan.

Jack appears in the Japanese GBA video game Legend of Dynamic: Go-sho Den Hokai no Rinbu Kyoku published by Banpresto in October 24, 2003.